Improvement in window-glass



. thereon.

UNITED STATES PATENT'- OFFICE.

.'.roMAsn s'rEcrsoN, oF New YORK, n. Y.

IMPROVEVM ENT IN WIN POW-GLASS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 49.167, dated August 1, 1865.

facture of Window-Glass; and Ido hereby de' clare that the following is a full and exact description thereof'.

Myinvention relates to means of duplicating the sheets or layers of glass in windows. 1t

' has long been known thatdoubling or trebling the glass has the e'ect of very greatly'retard ing the escape of heatfrom apartments and also of dcadenin g then sound due to movements in the streets, dac., and many have been at the expense cach winter of tting extra sashes and glassupon the outside ot the windows inthe room or rooms most used. Others have introduced two panes of glass in'each aperture in the sash, so that one should lie closely against the other when the glazing is completed.

The chief objection to the latter course is the increased labor attending the setting of the glass. Another is the risk-which is great uurl less `much care is takenthat the inner faces of theglass shall exhibit finger-marks or other dirt; and as these faces can never be washed such accidents-are very annoying. My invention overcomes these by securing the glass together at the place where it is made, or'at a place specially provided with facilities for the purpose, so that the sheets are certain to be scrupulously clean on the innerfaces and can be handled and set as a single pane.'

To enableuothers skilled in the arts to which myinvention relates to make and use my glass, I will proceed to describe it by the aid ofthe drawings hereto annexed, which form part' of this specificatiomaud of the letters marked Figure 1 is a side viewot' a pane of my glass.

y Fig. 2 is a vertical sectibn threuguthe same.

Fi g. '3 is a section showing the positlon of suchl glass after it has been set in an ordinary sash. The remaining figures represent modifications of my glass which will be vseparately referred to. Similar letters of reference indicate eorre spending parts in all the figures.

B is the outer sheet, or that which is to be exposed to the weather whenin the window.

A is the inner sheet, or. that which is presented to the interior of the building.

C are the ordinary fastenings, of triangular sheet meta, or glaziers points, which tack or nail the glass in the sash, and D is the ordinary stopping of putty. 4

The sheets A and B are united together around their edges, and are separate and at a little distance apart at all other points. The union is effected by the aid ofputty,which will adhere strongly to the clean surfaces of the together. `Then lay one sheet dat uponl a ta' ble, with its clean `face uppermost. Then apply fhe slender stick or string along close to the edge and extending quite around ou the clean face, having first carefully smeared the said stick or string with putty. Thenlay thesecond sheet thereon, with its clean face downf ward, and then remove the whole togetherand subject it to pressure until the putty has hardcned', It' the glass s prepared is simplypiled upon itself,paneupo Jpane,thelowermost will be suliiciently` pressed' by the superincumbent weight above.- Iincrcase the pressure as the drying or hardening proceeds, and after a few weeks the panes are ready for transportation or use. The edges will be found 'then to be strongly and tightly secured, and yet with a little elasticity due to the yielding ot the wood orstring before referred to.` I

Wheuit is practicableto conduct the joining where the glass is manufactured it may net be necessary to rub or wash the glass.

' '-Qther material than putty may be used, such It' they touch lightly or even strongly atsome' I or all points, invention is still of advantage, though I deem it better to take pains to hold them separate.

Fig. 4 represents a vertical section through amodifcation of my invention. iIn thisform the sheets of glass'are concave or dishing',`and

` are applied together' with their. concave faces toward eachother, or both concave faces iu the same direction, as maybe preferred. The Iig- -nre shows the convex face of B applied'to the concave face of A; but this fact is not of very. great importance. The whole cau contract and I adapted to receive thin glass.

Fig. 8 isa section of a sash specially adapted to the kind ot'- glass just described.

Fig.9 shows myinvention as applied to com bine together into a single pane more than two .thicknesses'of glass. The intermediate sheet or sheets may be very thin. The several sheets so inclosed must be, of course, clean on both faces, and the cemeuting material must be applied on each side thereof, as indicated.

Fig. 10 shows a crossfsection of myinventiou .as u sed without holding the individual sheets of glass apart to any appreciable distance. The cementing material is indicated in all the tig# nres bya red tint. The thickness of the strata in these forms of my invention may be very Fig. 11 is a side view, and Fig. 12 a 'vertical section,l of another modification of my linvenvtion. Here two dishing sheets of glass are properly cleaned and applied and cemented with their concavefaces together, and with their extreme edges as closely together as possible, but with aconsiderable thickness either of the cementing material alone or 'of the same with .a rigid ibrous or elastic material as an inner qwall therefor.,

E E represent studs, of wood or other suitable material, adapted to preventthe central parts of the sheets from coming in contact with each other, and to transfer to the sheet A some ofthe strain' applied to the sheet B, and the.

reverse,' in case either is likely tobe broken by any force. I` cement the studs E -ouly to one of the sheets of glass, B, leaving the other, A, free to-standa't a little distance therefrom closed hermeticall y sealed.

when it is most at ease in such condition. Both4 sheetsA and B may be iirmlyand strongly connected at. a great number of points over tlleir entire surfacesoby ce'menting'l both to the stud, if desired, under any c'. rcumstances, and I propose in such cases to employ ordinary glass or soluble glass, or Jboth, so as to make the points of' such junction as transparent as the other parts. I can, it' it is deemed expej dien-t, connect thev sheets in such manner by continuous lines, dividing the whole area into rectangles or other figures, giving the e'ect of separate cells, instead ofconuected thin spaces,

between the general surface of the sheets.

I propose to test the effect of uniting mysheetsof glass A and B by welting or welding them along the edges and at the intermediate points, so as to have the space or spaces in- I consider it important to inclose as little moisture as possible in'the spaces between the sheets of my glass. To effect this I apply them as warm as practicablc'aud in a dry atmosphere. I can use putty or .other very soft celnenting material without any cord or other hard body therewith by simply introducing a hard supportbetween the edges/of the glass A and B,

outside of the cemented line, and holding it there while the sheets are pressed thereon until the cement hardens; `but\ prefer to locate the cemented line at or very near the extreme edge, as represented.

I can,wheu necessary, locate .my hard body independent of the cementin g material, or just in contactwiththe inner edge thereof, instead of completely enveloping it with cement, as represented. There may be various modes of arranging such in order to save labor and expense or promote the freedomwith whichthe parts may adapt themselves to circumstances during the manufacture. .One modification I propose is to mingle small shot or .the like in the putty or rubber and' force it out from a suitableaperture directly upon the glass.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows: l

As a new article of manufacture, double or duplexglass tightly joined at or near the edges and adapted to serve inthe manner herein set forth.

Y THOMAS D. sTE'rsoN..

Witnesses: I I

D. W.'S'.rE'rsoN, V. THOMPSON.; 

